Improved drilling and driving machine



UNITED STATES ArnNT Orricn.

ISRAEL M. ROSE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVED DRILLING AND DRIVING MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 53, l S9, dated March 13, 1866; antedatcd February 16,1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ISRAEL M. ROSE, of the city and county of New York, Statel of New York, have invented anew Pipe-Driving, Drilling, and Pumping Machine for Oil and other Wells; and I doherebydeclarethat the followingis afull, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of one side of my machine adapted for drilling. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section taken in a vertical plane through the center of the machine. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are views of the drill and its jar. Fig. 7 shows the hammer and its nippers for driving the pipe into the well. Fig. 8 is a view showing the contrivance for giving the reciprocating motion to the drill.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements on machinery for sinking Artesian wells,and particularly such as yield oil,wherein contrivances for drilling the wells and extract ing the detritus or sand therefrom and driv-A ing down the tubing are required.

The main object of my invention is to give the required up and down movements to the drill, and at the same time feed the drill down to the work as rapidly as it progresses, by means of machinery which shall be automatic in its operation and which shall admit of a very rapid motion being given to the drill, as

will be hereinafter described.

Another object of myinvention is to so construct the drill that it will be caused to rotate by striking upon the bottom of the well, and

'thus obviate the necessity hitherto existing of receiving the tubing, as will be hereinafter described.

,A represents a stron gly-braced frame, which sustains two vertical guides, A A', and also the mechanism for givin ga quick reciprocating motion to the drill, driving tubing into the well and pumping up the sand as the work of drilling is carried on.

B is the main driving-shaft, having a loose and tightpulley on one end for receiving a belt that gives motion to this shaft; and C is a flanged drum, which carries a rope, @,that is wound upon this drum preparatory to the operation of drilling, and that passes over a pulley, b, which is applied to the lower end of a reciprocating block, D, workin g between the vertical guides A A', as shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3. rlhis rope is attached in any suitable manner to the jar of the drill, as will behereinafter described, and paid out automatically as the drill descends in the well. The said flanged drum has a ratchet-wheel, b', affixed iu any suitable manner to one of its flanges, as shown in Fig. 1, which is acted upon by means of two pawls, c c, that receive au oscillating motion, so as to allow the weight of the drill and its jar to unwind the rope from the drum O as fast as the work progresses. The motion above mentioned is imparted to the pawls c c from an eccentric, c, on the main drivin g-shaft B through the medium of a pitman, c. as shown in Figs. l and 2.

The drill receives its vertical motion from a tappet-wheel, E, on the main driving-shaft B, which acts upon a rope, a', one end of which is secured to the rear part of the frame of the machine, and the other end is secured to the reciprocating block D. The tappet-wheel Eis constructed of two iianged disks slightly separated from each other so as to allow the rope c to pass freely between them. These disks have a tappet or transverse pin, d, secured to them near their circumference, which, as the sh aftB revolves, depresses the rope c and then suddenly releases it. The wheel E is applied looselyr'on its shaft, but caused to turn a certain distance with it by means of clutch-pins g g, as shown in Fig. n), or in any other suitable manner. The clutclrconnection is such that the wheel E moves with its shaft until the pins g g come under the shaft, when the connection ceases and the wheel turns back and allows the drill to descend and do its work.

As the main shaft B is rotated the pin d strikes the rope c at every revolution and gives a quick up-and-down movement to the block D, which has suspended to it the rope a, which carries the drill, as above described. The driving-shaft also causes the flanged drum carrying the drill-rope a to revolve very slowly and to pay out this rope as rapidly as may be required to feed the drill down to its work. The pawls c c do not cause the drum C to feed the rope any faster than the work progresses, but they should allow sufficient slack rope to enable the drill to strike fairly upon the bottom of the well at every downward stroke.

Beneath themain driving-shaft- B is a flanged reel, G, having a rope, a, wound npon it, which rope is used instead of the rope a and drum G, and in the place of this rope when it is desired to remove the sand from the well by a sand-pump.

The reel Gr receives itsn'iotion from the driving-shaft B through the medium of a belt which is applied to the drums h 7L', and when this reel is employed the pitman c may be disengaged from the pawls c c.

The drill H (shown in Figs. et and 6) has four or more radial chisel-edged cutters,jj, formed on its lower Haring end. llhe beveled edges of these cutters incline all in the same direction, and the sand or chips pass upward between spaces k k, which are formed in the daring or enlarged end of the chisel-stock, and which present vertical and inclined surfaces, as shown in Fig. 4. rlhe chisel-stock basa central stein, I, formed on its upper end, which has a head, l, that is intended to keep the jar J in place upon the stein, but allow this jar to move freely between thc stock H and said head. The iar J is a cylindrical block of metal having steel iianges m applied to its lower end and projecting from its circumference, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. These flanges have spaces between them, and sharp cuttingedges, and they are intended to serve reamers for smoothing the sides of the well as the drill progresses in its work. lt is not intended that the iianges of the jar shall enlarge the diameter of the well, but merely to break off the projections which maybe left by the drill, so that the tubing will readily enter the well.

In Fig. 7 I have represented atrip-hammer, K, which works between the guides A A when the sliding block D is removed, and is employed as a hammer for driving the pipe or tube into the well after the work of drilling is completed. This hammer K is alternately caught and released by means of a pair of nippers, s, and operates substantially like an ordinary pile-driver.

If desirable, a crank-shaft, N, for operating a pump may be applied to the frame A A', as indicated in red lines, Fig. 2. Then this crank-shaft is employed it is driven by means ot' a belt or pitman connected to the main driving-shaft B. t

It will be seen from the above description that I adapt a single frame to serve as a support for all the driving mechanism which is required in the operation ot' drilling wells, removing the sand therefrom, driving down the tubing, and pumping up the oil. I also provide for the use of a rope in the operation of drilling and removing the sand, and so apply such rope that the contrivance which gives a vertical motion to the drill will not wear out this rope..

The pawls c c are not intended for rotating the iianged drum of the rope a, but merely for allowing the drill to descend by its own gravity. These pawls operate somewhat upon the principle of an escapeinent. When it is desired to allow the drill to drop down into the well the ratchet-wheel b may be detached from its hanged drum so that this drum will turn freely. A brake may be applied to said ilanged drum for regulating its speed when used to allow the chisel or drill to descend rapidly into the well preparatory to recominencing the drilling operation.

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The arrangement of theI slide D, pulley b, and ropes aand a,snbstantially in the manner and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of a payingout contrivance and tappet-wheel, E, with the suspension-rope a and drill-rope a, substantially as described.

3. The tappet-wheel shaft B, eccentric e, pawls c c, and ratchet-wheel b', with the tlanged drum C, ropes a and a', all operating substantially as described.

4. The tappet-wheel E, constructed, substantially as described, out of two disks and a transverse pin, d, and fitted to the shaft B so as to periodically become loose and fast on said shaft, for the purpose set forth.

5. The reel Gr, in combination with the tappet-shat't B and suspended reciprocating pulley b, the parts being arranged substantially as described.

6. rlhe application of a crank-shaft, N, to the frame A Al of a machine adapted for pipe-driving and drilling, so that said frame may be used for operating a pump, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. Gonstructingthe jarofa drill with flanged cuttersm m on it adapted to serve as reamers, substantially as described.

Witnesses:

S. G. CLARK, BELos NORTON, ALEXR. S'roRRs.

I. M. ROSE. 

